Contents
08 March 2016
Vol 9, Issue 418
Vol 9, Issue 418
Contents
Editorial Guide
- Focus Issue: The ins and outs of ORAI in immune cells
Understanding how ORAI activity is regulated will lead to a better understanding of immune cell function and diseases involving the immune system.
Focus
- Sterol hindrance of Orai activation
Cholesterol inhibits CRAC channels, which replenish intracellular stores.
- The CAR that drives Ca2+ to Orai1
A Ca2+-accumulating region in Orai1 facilitates ion permeation and contributes to selectivity.
Research Articles
- Cell type–specific glycosylation of Orai1 modulates store-operated Ca2+ entry
T cells and mast cells may use differential glycosylation of Orai1 to regulate store-operated calcium signaling.
- A calcium-redox feedback loop controls human monocyte immune responses: The role of ORAI Ca2+ channels
Monocytes adjust deadly reactive oxygen species production by altering the subunit composition of the ORAI calcium channel.
- The adhesion molecule PECAM-1 enhances the TGF-β–mediated inhibition of T cell function
Blocking an adhesion molecule on the surface of T cells may enhance antitumor activity.
Podcast
- Science Signaling Podcast for 8 March 2016: Calcium signaling and ROS in monocytes
Redox-insensitive ORAI calcium channels enable monocytes to sustain calcium signaling while still producing bactericidal reactive oxygen species.
Editors' Choice
- Pannexin1: A mediator of NMDA and adrenergic receptor signaling
Pannexin1 mediates excitotoxicity in neurons and vasoconstriction in vascular smooth muscle.
- Fatty diet alters stem cells
A high-fat diet enhances the regenerative and tumor-forming activities of intestinal stem cells through a mechanism involving PPAR-δ.
- Actin’ against BRAF inhibitors
Blocking actin polymerization prevents YAP and TAZ activation and resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma.
- Limiting inflammation with p62
Without the adaptor protein p62, macrophages produce tissue-damaging amounts of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β.
- Papers of note in Science Translational Medicine
This week’s articles describe how to enhance vaccine-induced immunosurveillance against glioma, how neurons might be spared following hemorrhagic brain injury, and how an activating mutation in the kinase SRC in bone marrow cells contributes to various pathologies.
- Papers of note in Science
This week’s articles feature insights into how PKA may stop cancer and how the immune system uses endogenous retroviruses.
- New connections: Reprogramming NK and T cells to attack cancer
Blocking the effects of TGF-β on natural killer cells and T cells may improve the destruction of cancer cells.
- Kras rewires metabolic networks
A Kras mutation rewires metabolic networks in lung cancer cells to increase glucose uptake and reduce oxidative stress damage.
About The Cover
Online Cover This week features a Focus Issue that highlights molecular insights into the cell-specific roles and regulation of the ORAI Ca2+ channel in cells of the immune system. The image shows the CAR (calcium-accumulating region) at the extracellular side of the ORAI channel. [Image: Shmuel Muallem, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; structure provided by Rainer Schindl, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria]
