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Sci. Signal., 11 September 2012
Vol. 5, Issue 241, p. ra66
[DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002964]

RESEARCH ARTICLES

Network Analysis of the Focal Adhesion to Invadopodia Transition Identifies a PI3K-PKCα Invasive Signaling Axis

Daisuke Hoshino1, Jerome Jourquin2, Shane Weller Emmons2, Tyne Miller2, Margalit Goldgof2, Kaitlin Costello2, Darren R. Tyson2, Brandee Brown2,3, Yiling Lu4, Nagendra K. Prasad5, Bing Zhang2,6, Gordon B. Mills4, Wendell G. Yarbrough2,3, Vito Quaranta2, Motoharu Seiki1, and Alissa M. Weaver2,7*

1 Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
2 Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
3 Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
4 Department of Systems Biology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
5 Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
6 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
7 Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Abstract: In cancer, deregulated signaling can produce an invasive cellular phenotype. We modeled the invasive transition as a theoretical switch between two cytoskeletal structures: focal adhesions and extracellular matrix–degrading invadopodia. We constructed molecular interaction networks of each structure and identified upstream regulatory hubs through computational analyses. We compared these regulatory hubs to the status of signaling components from head and neck carcinomas, which led us to analyze phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase C α (PKCα). Consistent with previous studies, PI3K activity promoted both the formation and the activity of invadopodia. We found that PI3K induction of invadopodia was increased by overexpression of SH2 (Src homology 2) domain–containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2), which converts the phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] that is produced by PI3K activity to phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2], which is believed to promote invadopodia formation. Knockdown of PKCα had divergent effects on invadopodia formation, depending on the status of PI3K. Loss of PKCα inhibited invadopodia formation in cells with wild-type PI3K pathway status. Conversely, in cells with constitutively active PI3K (through activating PI3K mutants or lacking the endogenous opposing enzyme PTEN), PKCα knockdown increased invadopodia formation. Mechanistic studies revealed a negative feedback loop from PKCα that dampened PI3K activity and invasive behavior in cells with genetic hyperactivation of the PI3K pathway. These studies demonstrated the potential of network modeling as a discovery tool and identified PI3K and PKCα as interacting regulators of invasive behavior.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alissa.weaver{at}vanderbilt.edu

Citation: D. Hoshino, J. Jourquin, S. W. Emmons, T. Miller, M. Goldgof, K. Costello, D. R. Tyson, B. Brown, Y. Lu, N. K. Prasad, B. Zhang, G. B. Mills, W. G. Yarbrough, V. Quaranta, M. Seiki, A. M. Weaver, Network Analysis of the Focal Adhesion to Invadopodia Transition Identifies a PI3K-PKCα Invasive Signaling Axis. Sci. Signal. 5, ra66 (2012).

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