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Phosphopeptide Binding Specificities of BRCA1 COOH-terminal (BRCT) Domains*
Maria Rodriguez,
Xiaochun Yu¶,
Junjie Chen¶, , and
Zhou Songyang||
Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 and the ¶Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
Abstract:
Protein phosphorylation by protein kinases may generate dockingsites for other proteins. It thus allows the assembly of signalingcomplexes in response to kinase activation. Several proteindomains that bind phosphoserine or phosphothreonine residueshave been identified, including the 14-3-3, PIN1, FHA, KIX,WD-40 domain, and polo box (Yaffe, M. B., and Elia, A. E. (2001)Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13, 131-138; Elia, A. E., Cantley, L.C., and Yaffe, M. B. (2003) Science 299, 1228-1231). The BRCA1COOH-terminal (BRCT) domains are protein modules found in manyproteins that regulate DNA damage responses (Koonin, E. V.,Altschul, S. F., and Bork, P. (1996) Nat. Genet. 13, 266-268).Whether BRCT domains can mediate phosphorylation-dependent interactionshas not been systematically investigated. We report here thatthe BRCT domains also recognize phosphopeptides. Oriented peptidelibrary analysis indicated that the BRCT domains from BRCA1,MDC1, BARD1, and DNA Ligase IV preferred distinct phosphoserine-containingpeptides. In addition, the interaction between BRCA1 and theBRCT binding motif of BACH1 was required for BACH1 checkpointactivity. Furthermore, BRCT domains of the yeast DNA repairprotein Rad9 could bind phosphopeptides, suggesting that theBRCT domains represent a class of ancient phosphopeptide-bindingmodules. Potential targets of BRCT domains were identified throughdata base search. Structural analysis of BRCA1 BRCT repeatsalso predicted conserved residues that may form the phosphopeptide-bindingpocket. Thus, the BRCT repeats are a new family of phosphopeptide-bindingdomains in DNA damage responses.
Received for publication September 9, 2003.
Revision received October 16, 2003.
* This work was supported by Department of Defense Breast CancerIdea Award DAMD 17-01-1-0145 (to Z. S.), by the Robert WelchFoundation (to Z. S.), and by Initiative for Minority StudentDevelopment Grant GM569209 (to M. R.). The costs of publicationof this article were defrayed in part by the payment of pagecharges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement"in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicatethis fact.
These authors contributed equally.
|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Verna and Marrs McLean Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail: songyang{at}bcm.tmc.edu.
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