Ulrike Brand,¹ Jennifer C. Fletcher,^2* Martin Hobe,¹ Elliot M. Meyerowitz,² Rüdiger Simon¹

The fate of stem cells in plant meristems is governed by directional signaling systems that are regulated by negative feedback. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the CLAVATA (CLV) genes encode the essential components of a negative, stem cell-restricting pathway. We used transgenic plants overexpressing CLV3 to show that meristem cell accumulation and fate depends directly on the level of CLV3 activity and that CLV3 signaling occurs exclusively through a CLV1/CLV2 receptor kinase complex. We also demonstrate that the CLV pathway acts by repressing the activity of the transcription factor WUSCHEL, an element of the positive, stem cell-promoting pathway.

¹ Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Universität zu Köln, Gyrhofstrae 17, D-50923 Köln, Germany.
² Division of Biology 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
^*   Present address: U.S. Department of Agriculture Plant Gene Expression Center, University of California Berkeley, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.

   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ruediger.simon{at}uni-koeln.de

WOX4 and WOX14 act downstream of the PXY receptor kinase to regulate plant vascular proliferation independently of any role in vascular organisation.

J. P. Etchells, C. M. Provost, L. Mishra, and S. R. Turner (2013)
Development 140, 2224-2234
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Ins and Outs of the Rice AGAMOUS Subfamily.

L. Dreni, M. Osnato, and M. M. Kater (2013)
Mol Plant
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Auxin and self-organization at the shoot apical meristem.

M. Sassi and T. Vernoux (2013)
J. Exp. Bot.
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Structure-function analysis of the GmRIC1 signal peptide and CLE domain required for nodulation control in soybean.

D. E. Reid, D. Li, B. J. Ferguson, and P. M. Gresshoff (2013)
J. Exp. Bot. 64, 1575-1585
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Origin and development of the cryptic shoot meristem in Zeylanidium lichenoides (Podostemaceae).

N. Katayama, M. Kato, and T. Yamada (2013)
Am. J. Botany 100, 635-646
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

ERECTA-Family Receptor Kinases Regulate Stem Cell Homeostasis via Buffering its Cytokinin Responsiveness in the Shoot Apical Meristem.

N. Uchida, M. Shimada, and M. Tasaka (2013)
Plant Cell Physiol. 54, 343-351
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Grass Meristems I: Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance, Axillary Meristem Determinacy and the Floral Transition.

M. Pautler, W. Tanaka, H.-Y. Hirano, and D. Jackson (2013)
Plant Cell Physiol. 54, 302-312
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Plant Meristems and Organogenesis: The New Era of Plant Developmental Research.

Y. Machida, H. Fukaki, and T. Araki (2013)
Plant Cell Physiol. 54, 295-301
 |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

TRICOT encodes an AMP1-related carboxypeptidase that regulates root nodule development and shoot apical meristem maintenance in Lotus japonicus.

T. Suzaki, C. S. Kim, N. Takeda, K. Szczyglowski, and M. Kawaguchi (2013)
Development 140, 353-361
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Local auxin biosynthesis regulation by PLETHORA transcription factors controls phyllotaxis in Arabidopsis.

V. Pinon, K. Prasad, S. P. Grigg, G. F. Sanchez-Perez, and B. Scheres (2013)
PNAS 110, 1107-1112
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX4 Is Involved in Meristem Maintenance and Is Negatively Regulated by the CLE Gene FCP1 in Rice.

Y. Ohmori, W. Tanaka, M. Kojima, H. Sakakibara, and H.-Y. Hirano (2013)
PLANT CELL 25, 229-241
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

SlWUS1; An X-linked Gene Having No Homologous Y-Linked Copy in Silene latifolia.

Y. Kazama, K. Nishihara, R. Bergero, M. T. Fujiwara, T. Abe, D. Charlesworth, and S. Kawano (2012)
g3 2, 1269-1278
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Small Signaling Peptides in Arabidopsis Development: How Cells Communicate Over a Short Distance.

E. Murphy, S. Smith, and I. De Smet (2012)
PLANT CELL 24, 3198-3217
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Maize multiple archesporial cells 1 (mac1), an ortholog of rice TDL1A, modulates cell proliferation and identity in early anther development.

C.-J. R. Wang, G.-L. Nan, T. Kelliher, L. Timofejeva, V. Vernoud, I. N. Golubovskaya, L. Harper, R. Egger, V. Walbot, and W. Z. Cande (2012)
Development 139, 2594-2603
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Transcription Factors BEL1 and SPL Are Required for Cytokinin and Auxin Signaling During Ovule Development in Arabidopsis.

S. Bencivenga, S. Simonini, E. Benkova, and L. Colombo (2012)
PLANT CELL 24, 2886-2897
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Peptides and receptors controlling root development.

Y. Stahl and R. Simon (2012)
Phil Trans R Soc B 367, 1453-1460
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cytokinin signaling as a positional cue for patterning the apical-basal axis of the growing Arabidopsis shoot meristem.

V. S. Chickarmane, S. P. Gordon, P. T. Tarr, M. G. Heisler, and E. M. Meyerowitz (2012)
PNAS 109, 4002-4007
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Contributions of Individual Amino Acid Residues to the Endogenous CLV3 Function in Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance in Arabidopsis.

X.-F. Song, D.-L. Yu, T.-T. Xu, S.-C. Ren, P. Guo, and C.-M. Liu (2012)
Mol Plant 5, 515-523
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Regulation of Arabidopsis Embryo and Endosperm Development by the Polypeptide Signaling Molecule CLE8.

E. Fiume and J. C. Fletcher (2012)
PLANT CELL 24, 1000-1012
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 Gene Expression and Interaction of CLE Peptides with Components of the Systemic Control Add Two Pieces to the Puzzle of Autoregulation of Nodulation.

M. A. Osipova, V. Mortier, K. N. Demchenko, V. E. Tsyganov, I. A. Tikhonovich, L. A. Lutova, E. A. Dolgikh, and S. Goormachtig (2012)
Plant Physiology 158, 1329-1341
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The TOPLESS Interactome: A Framework for Gene Repression in Arabidopsis.

B. Causier, M. Ashworth, W. Guo, and B. Davies (2012)
Plant Physiology 158, 423-438
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

POPCORN Functions in the Auxin Pathway to Regulate Embryonic Body Plan and Meristem Organization in Arabidopsis.

D. Xiang, H. Yang, P. Venglat, Y. Cao, R. Wen, M. Ren, S. Stone, E. Wang, H. Wang, W. Xiao, et al. (2011)
PLANT CELL 23, 4348-4367
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

June bloom in Maratea.

F. Parcy and J. U. Lohmann (2011)
Development 138, 4335-4340
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

WUSCHEL protein movement mediates stem cell homeostasis in the Arabidopsis shoot apex.

R. K. Yadav, M. Perales, J. Gruel, T. Girke, H. Jonsson, and G. V. Reddy (2011)
Genes & Dev. 25, 2025-2030
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

CLAVATA Signaling Pathway Receptors of Arabidopsis Regulate Cell Proliferation in Fruit Organ Formation as well as in Meristems.

A. R. Durbak and F. E. Tax (2011)
Genetics 189, 177-194
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Increase in Tomato Locule Number Is Controlled by Two Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Located Near WUSCHEL.

S. Munos, N. Ranc, E. Botton, A. Berard, S. Rolland, P. Duffe, Y. Carretero, M.-C. Le Paslier, C. Delalande, M. Bouzayen, et al. (2011)
Plant Physiology 156, 2244-2254
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Auxin-Cytokinin Interaction Regulates Meristem Development.

Y.-H. Su, Y.-B. Liu, and X.-S. Zhang (2011)
Mol Plant 4, 616-625
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Role of PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH in the Maintenance of the Shoot Apical Meristem in Arabidopsis.

N. Ung, S. Lal, and H. M. S. Smith (2011)
Plant Physiology 156, 605-614
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Search for nodulation-related CLE genes in the genome of Glycine max.

V. Mortier, B. A. Fenta, C. Martens, S. Rombauts, M. Holsters, K. Kunert, and S. Goormachtig (2011)
J. Exp. Bot. 62, 2571-2583
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Arabidopsis ERECTA-Family Receptor Kinases Mediate Morphological Alterations Stimulated by Activation of NB-LRR-Type UNI Proteins.

N. Uchida, K. Igari, N. L. Bogenschutz, K. U. Torii, and M. Tasaka (2011)
Plant Cell Physiol. 52, 804-814
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Intercellular Communication during Plant Development.

J. M. Van Norman, N. W. Breakfield, and P. N. Benfey (2011)
PLANT CELL 23, 855-864
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Convergence of the 26S proteasome and the REVOLUTA pathways in regulating inflorescence and floral meristem functions in Arabidopsis.

Z. Zhang, H. Wang, D. Luo, M. Zeng, H. Huang, and X. Cui (2011)
J. Exp. Bot. 62, 359-369
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cytokinin Regulates the Activity of Reproductive Meristems, Flower Organ Size, Ovule Formation, and Thus Seed Yield in Arabidopsis thaliana.

I. Bartrina, E. Otto, M. Strnad, T. Werner, and T. Schmulling (2011)
PLANT CELL 23, 69-80
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Regulated by the CLAVATA Receptors Contributes to Shoot Apical Meristem Homeostasis.

S. Betsuyaku, F. Takahashi, A. Kinoshita, H. Miwa, K. Shinozaki, H. Fukuda, and S. Sawa (2011)
Plant Cell Physiol. 52, 14-29
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Comprehensive Analysis of CLE Polypeptide Signaling Gene Expression and Overexpression Activity in Arabidopsis.

J. Jun, E. Fiume, A. H. K. Roeder, L. Meng, V. K. Sharma, K. S. Osmont, C. Baker, C. M. Ha, E. M. Meyerowitz, L. J. Feldman, et al. (2010)
Plant Physiology 154, 1721-1736
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

RPK2 is an essential receptor-like kinase that transmits the CLV3 signal in Arabidopsis.

A. Kinoshita, S. Betsuyaku, Y. Osakabe, S. Mizuno, S. Nagawa, Y. Stahl, R. Simon, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, H. Fukuda, and S. Sawa (2010)
Development 137, 3911-3920
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

WUSCHEL mediates stem cell homeostasis by regulating stem cell number and patterns of cell division and differentiation of stem cell progenitors.

R. K. Yadav, M. Tavakkoli, and G. V. Reddy (2010)
Development 137, 3581-3589
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Notch and Egfr signaling act antagonistically to regulate germ-line stem cell niche formation in Drosophila male embryonic gonads.

Y. Kitadate and S. Kobayashi (2010)
PNAS 107, 14241-14246
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

TDIF Peptide Signaling Regulates Vascular Stem Cell Proliferation via the WOX4 Homeobox Gene in Arabidopsis.

Y. Hirakawa, Y. Kondo, and H. Fukuda (2010)
PLANT CELL 22, 2618-2629
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Roles of Different CLE Domains in Arabidopsis CLE Polypeptide Activity and Functional Specificity.

L. Meng, K. C. Ruth, J. C. Fletcher, and L. Feldman (2010)
Mol Plant 3, 760-772
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Expression of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS, WUSCHEL, and ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 Homologs in the Shoots of Podostemaceae: Implications for the Evolution of Novel Shoot Organogenesis.

N. Katayama, S. Koi, and M. Kato (2010)
PLANT CELL 22, 2131-2140
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Arabidopsis RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED Is Required for Stem Cell Maintenance, Cell Differentiation, and Lateral Organ Production.

L. Borghi, R. Gutzat, J. Futterer, Y. Laizet, L. Hennig, and W. Gruissem (2010)
PLANT CELL 22, 1792-1811
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Information processing without brains - the power of intercellular regulators in plants.

W. Busch and P. N. Benfey (2010)
Development 137, 1215-1226
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

gorgon, a Novel Missense Mutation in the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS Gene, Impairs Shoot Meristem Homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

S. Takano, M. Niihama, H. M. S. Smith, M. Tasaka, and M. Aida (2010)
Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 621-634
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cucumber Mosaic Virus Movement Protein Severs Actin Filaments to Increase the Plasmodesmal Size Exclusion Limit in Tobacco.

S. Su, Z. Liu, C. Chen, Y. Zhang, X. Wang, L. Zhu, L. Miao, X.-C. Wang, and M. Yuan (2010)
PLANT CELL 22, 1373-1387
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Arabidopsis Stem Cell Factor POLTERGEIST Is Membrane Localized and Phospholipid Stimulated.

J. M. Gagne and S. E. Clark (2010)
PLANT CELL 22, 729-743
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Two Separate Pathways Including SlCLV1, SlSTM and SlCUC That Control Carpel Development in a Bisexual Mutant of Silene latifolia.

A. Koizumi, K. Yamanaka, K. Nishihara, Y. Kazama, T. Abe, and S. Kawano (2010)
Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 282-293
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Stem Cell Signaling in Arabidopsis Requires CRN to Localize CLV2 to the Plasma Membrane.

A. Bleckmann, S. Weidtkamp-Peters, C. A.M. Seidel, and R. Simon (2010)
Plant Physiology 152, 166-176
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Multiple feedback loops through cytokinin signaling control stem cell number within the Arabidopsis shoot meristem.

S. P. Gordon, V. S. Chickarmane, C. Ohno, and E. M. Meyerowitz (2009)
PNAS 106, 16529-16534
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A timing mechanism for stem cell maintenance and differentiation in the Arabidopsis floral meristem.

B. Sun, Y. Xu, K.-H. Ng, and T. Ito (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 1791-1804
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Studies of aberrant phyllotaxy1 Mutants of Maize Indicate Complex Interactions between Auxin and Cytokinin Signaling in the Shoot Apical Meristem.

B.-h. Lee, R. Johnston, Y. Yang, A. Gallavotti, M. Kojima, B. A.N. Travencolo, L. d. F. Costa, H. Sakakibara, and D. Jackson (2009)
Plant Physiology 150, 205-216
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Influence of clavata3-2 mutation on early flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana: quantitative analysis of changing geometry.

T. Szczesny, A.-L. Routier-Kierzkowska, and D. Kwiatkowska (2009)
J. Exp. Bot. 60, 679-695
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Stem Cell Homeostasis in Plants.

M. Lodha, C.F. Marco, and M.C.P. Timmermans (2009)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

Translational Biology: From Arabidopsis Flowers to Grass Inflorescence Architecture.

B. E. Thompson and S. Hake (2009)
Plant Physiology 149, 38-45
 |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Arabidopsis CLP1-SIMILAR PROTEIN3, an Ortholog of Human Polyadenylation Factor CLP1, Functions in Gametophyte, Embryo, and Postembryonic Development.

D. Xing, H. Zhao, and Q. Q. Li (2008)
Plant Physiology 148, 2059-2069
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Plant CLE peptides from two distinct functional classes synergistically induce division of vascular cells.

R. Whitford, A. Fernandez, R. De Groodt, E. Ortega, and P. Hilson (2008)
PNAS 105, 18625-18630
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

BAM Receptors Regulate Stem Cell Specification and Organ Development Through Complex Interactions With CLAVATA Signaling.

B. J. DeYoung and S. E. Clark (2008)
Genetics 180, 895-904
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Non-cell-autonomous control of vascular stem cell fate by a CLE peptide/receptor system.

Y. Hirakawa, H. Shinohara, Y. Kondo, A. Inoue, I. Nakanomyo, M. Ogawa, S. Sawa, K. Ohashi-Ito, Y. Matsubayashi, and H. Fukuda (2008)
PNAS 105, 15208-15213
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Vascular signalling mediated by ZWILLE potentiates WUSCHEL function during shoot meristem stem cell development in the Arabidopsis embryo.

M. R. Tucker, A. Hinze, E. J. Tucker, S. Takada, G. Jurgens, and T. Laux (2008)
Development 135, 2839-2843
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Functional Diversification of CLAVATA3-Related CLE Proteins in Meristem Maintenance in Rice.

T. Suzaki, A. Yoshida, and H.-Y. Hirano (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 2049-2058
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Mutation of Arabidopsis BARD1 Causes Meristem Defects by Failing to Confine WUSCHEL Expression to the Organizing Center.

P. Han, Q. Li, and Y.-X. Zhu (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 1482-1493
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Arabidopsis OBERON1 and OBERON2 genes encode plant homeodomain finger proteins and are required for apical meristem maintenance.

S. Saiga, C. Furumizu, R. Yokoyama, T. Kurata, S. Sato, T. Kato, S. Tabata, M. Suzuki, and Y. Komeda (2008)
Development 135, 1751-1759
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

HD-ZIP III Activity Is Modulated by Competitive Inhibitors via a Feedback Loop in Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem Development.

Y.-S. Kim, S.-G. Kim, M. Lee, I. Lee, H.-Y. Park, P. J. Seo, J.-H. Jung, E.-J. Kwon, S. W. Suh, K.-H. Paek, et al. (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 920-933
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

REBELOTE, SQUINT, and ULTRAPETALA1 Function Redundantly in the Temporal Regulation of Floral Meristem Termination in Arabidopsis thaliana.

N. Prunet, P. Morel, A.-M. Thierry, Y. Eshed, J. L. Bowman, I. Negrutiu, and C. Trehin (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 901-919
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Receptor Kinase CORYNE of Arabidopsis Transmits the Stem Cell-Limiting Signal CLAVATA3 Independently of CLAVATA1.

R. Muller, A. Bleckmann, and R. Simon (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 934-946
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Signaling of cell fate determination by the TPD1 small protein and EMS1 receptor kinase.

G. Jia, X. Liu, H. A. Owen, and D. Zhao (2008)
PNAS 105, 2220-2225
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

From primary to secondary growth: origin and development of the vascular system.

M. Baucher, M. El Jaziri, and O. Vandeputte (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 3485-3501
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Haploinsufficiency after successive loss of signaling reveals a role for ERECTA-family genes in Arabidopsis ovule development.

L. J. Pillitteri, S. M. Bemis, E. D. Shpak, and K. U. Torii (2007)
Development 134, 3099-3109
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Arabidopsis JAGGED LATERAL ORGANS Is Expressed in Boundaries and Coordinates KNOX and PIN Activity.

L. Borghi, M. Bureau, and R. Simon (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 1795-1808
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Flowering and determinacy in Arabidopsis.

R. Sablowski (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 899-907
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

POL and PLL1 phosphatases are CLAVATA1 signaling intermediates required for Arabidopsis shoot and floral stem cells.

S.-K. Song, M. M. Lee, and S. E. Clark (2006)
Development 133, 4691-4698
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Conservation and Diversification of Meristem Maintenance Mechanism in Oryza sativa: Function of the FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 Gene.

T. Suzaki, T. Toriba, M. Fujimoto, N. Tsutsumi, H. Kitano, and H.-Y. Hirano (2006)
Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 1591-1602
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Shoot Stem Cell Niche in Angiosperms: Expression Patterns of WUS Orthologues in Rice and Maize Imply Major Modifications in the Course of Mono- and Dicot Evolution.

J. Nardmann and W. Werr (2006)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 23, 2492-2504
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 Gene Encoding a Putative Ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 Regulates Apical Meristem Size in Rice.

H. Chu, Q. Qian, W. Liang, C. Yin, H. Tan, X. Yao, Z. Yuan, J. Yang, H. Huang, D. Luo, et al. (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 1039-1052
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Dodeca-CLE peptides as suppressors of plant stem cell differentiation..

Y. Ito, I. Nakanomyo, H. Motose, K. Iwamoto, S. Sawa, N. Dohmae, and H. Fukuda (2006)
Science 313, 842-845
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A plant peptide encoded by CLV3 identified by in situ MALDI-TOF MS analysis..

T. Kondo, S. Sawa, A. Kinoshita, S. Mizuno, T. Kakimoto, H. Fukuda, and Y. Sakagami (2006)
Science 313, 845-848
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The CLAVATA3/ESR Motif of CLAVATA3 Is Functionally Independent from the Nonconserved Flanking Sequences.

M. Fiers, E. Golemiec, R. van der Schors, L. van der Geest, K. W. Li, W. J. Stiekema, and C.-M. Liu (2006)
Plant Physiology 141, 1284-1292
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Meristems in the Movies: Live Imaging as a Tool for Decoding Intercellular Signaling in Shoot Apical Meristems.

F. E. Tax and A. Durbak (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1331-1337
 |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Metabolic aspects of organogenesis in the shoot apical meristem.

A Fleming (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 1863-1870
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Dynamic and Compensatory Responses of Arabidopsis Shoot and Floral Meristems to CLV3 Signaling.

R. Muller, L. Borghi, D. Kwiatkowska, P. Laufs, and R. Simon (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1188-1198
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Gain-of-Function Phenotypes of Many CLAVATA3/ESR Genes, Including Four New Family Members, Correlate with Tandem Variations in the Conserved CLAVATA3/ESR Domain.

T. J. Strabala, P. J. O'Donnell, A.-M. Smit, C. Ampomah-Dwamena, E. J. Martin, N. Netzler, N. J. Nieuwenhuizen, B. D. Quinn, H. C.C. Foote, and K. R. Hudson (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 1331-1344
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Analysis of the Transcription Factor WUSCHEL and Its Functional Homologue in Antirrhinum Reveals a Potential Mechanism for Their Roles in Meristem Maintenance.

M. Kieffer, Y. Stern, H. Cook, E. Clerici, C. Maulbetsch, T. Laux, and B. Davies (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 560-573
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Control of Floral Meristem Determinacy in Petunia by MADS-Box Transcription Factors.

S. Ferrario, A. V. Shchennikova, J. Franken, R. G.H. Immink, and G. C. Angenent (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 890-898
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A Role for APETALA2 in Maintenance of the Stem Cell Niche.

N. A. Eckardt (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 275-277
 |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

APETALA2 Regulates the Stem Cell Niche in the Arabidopsis Shoot Meristem.

T. Wurschum, R. Gross-Hardt, and T. Laux (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 295-307
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Evidence for Functional Conservation, Sufficiency, and Proteolytic Processing of the CLAVATA3 CLE Domain.

J. Ni and S. E. Clark (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 726-733
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Maize rough sheath2 and Its Arabidopsis Orthologue ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 Interact with HIRA, a Predicted Histone Chaperone, to Maintain knox Gene Silencing and Determinacy during Organogenesis.

T. L. Phelps-Durr, J. Thomas, P. Vahab, and M. C.P. Timmermans (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 2886-2898
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Stem-Cell Homeostasis and Growth Dynamics Can Be Uncoupled in the Arabidopsis Shoot Apex.

G. V. Reddy and E. M. Meyerowitz (2005)
Science 310, 663-667
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The 14-Amino Acid CLV3, CLE19, and CLE40 Peptides Trigger Consumption of the Root Meristem in Arabidopsis through a CLAVATA2-Dependent Pathway.

M. Fiers, E. Golemiec, J. Xu, L. van der Geest, R. Heidstra, W. Stiekema, and C.-M. Liu (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 2542-2553
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Overexpression of TAPETUM DETERMINANT1 Alters the Cell Fates in the Arabidopsis Carpel and Tapetum via Genetic Interaction with EXCESS MICROSPOROCYTES1/EXTRA SPOROGENOUS CELLS.

S.-L. Yang, L. Jiang, C. S. Puah, L.-F. Xie, X.-Q. Zhang, L.-Q. Chen, W.-C. Yang, and D. Ye (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 186-191
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »