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Science 296 (5571): 1323-1326

Copyright © 2002 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science

Direct Recognition of Cytomegalovirus by Activating and Inhibitory NK Cell Receptors

Hisashi Arase,1 Edward S. Mocarski,2 Ann E. Campbell,3 Ann B. Hill,4 Lewis L. Lanier1*

Natural killer (NK) cells express inhibitory receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens, preventing attack against healthy cells. Mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encodes an MHC-like protein (m157) that binds to an inhibitory NK cell receptor in certain MCMV-susceptible mice. In MCMV-resistant mice, this viral protein engages a related activating receptor (Ly49H) and confers host protection. These activating and inhibitory receptors are highly homologous, suggesting the possibility that one evolved from the other in response to selective pressure imposed by the pathogen.

1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
3 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
4 Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: lanier{at}itsa.ucsf.edu

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T. Angata, Y. Tabuchi, K. Nakamura, and M. Nakamura (2007)
Glycobiology 17, 838-846
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DNA Immunization Using Highly Conserved Murine Cytomegalovirus Genes Encoding Homologs of Human Cytomegalovirus UL54 (DNA Polymerase) and UL105 (Helicase) Elicits Strong CD8 T-Cell Responses and Is Protective against Systemic Challenge.
C. S. Morello, L. A. Kelley, M. W. Munks, A. B. Hill, and D. H. Spector (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 7766-7775
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KIR2DS1-Positive NK Cells Mediate Alloresponse against the C2 HLA-KIR Ligand Group In Vitro.
J. H. Chewning, C. N. Gudme, K. C. Hsu, A. Selvakumar, and B. Dupont (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 854-868
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