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Science 305 (5686): 1000-1003

Copyright © 2004 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science

Modulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Homing and Engraftment by CD26

Kent W. Christopherson, II,1,2* Giao Hangoc,1,2 Charlie R. Mantel,1,2 Hal E. Broxmeyer1,2{dagger}

Abstract: Hematopoietic stem cell homing and engraftment are crucial to transplantation efficiency, and clinical engraftment is severely compromised when donor-cell numbers are limiting. The peptidase CD26 (DPPIV/dipeptidylpeptidase IV) removes dipeptides from the amino terminus of proteins. We present evidence that endogenous CD26 expression on donor cells negatively regulates homing and engraftment. By inhibition or deletion of CD26, it was possible to increase greatly the efficiency of transplantation. These results suggest that hematopoietic stem cell engraftment is not absolute, as previously suggested, and indicate that improvement of bone marrow transplant efficiency may be possible in the clinic.

1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
2 Walther Cancer Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.

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* Present address: Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: hbroxmey{at}iupui.edu

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