Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
Imaging of Germinal Center Selection Events During Affinity Maturation
Christopher D. C. Allen,*
Takaharu Okada,*
H. Lucy Tang,
Jason G. Cyster
Abstract:
The germinal center (GC) is an important site for the generationand selection of B cells bearing high-affinity antibodies, yetGC cell migration and interaction dynamics have not been directlyobserved. Using two-photon microscopy of mouse lymph nodes,we revealed that GC B cells are highly motile and extend longcell processes. They transited between GC dark and light zonesand divided in both regions, although these B cells residedfor only several hours in the light zone where antigen is displayed.GC B cells formed few stable contacts with GC T cells despitefrequent encounters, and T cells were seen to carry dead B cellblebs. On the basis of these observations, we propose a modelin which competition for T cell help plays a more dominant rolein the selection of GC B cells than previously appreciated.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.
Present address: Amgen Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, SouthSan Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Takaharu.Okada{at}ucsf.edu (T.O.); Jason.Cyster{at}ucsf.edu (J.G.C.)
The editors suggest the following Related Resources on Science sites:
In Science Signaling
EDITORS' CHOICE
Stephen Simpson (30 January 2007) Sci. STKE2007 (371), tw39.
[DOI: 10.1126/stke.3712007tw39] |Abstract »
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
CD20, CD3, and CD40 Ligand Microclusters Segregate Three-Dimensionally In Vivo at B-Cell-T-Cell Immunological Synapses after Viral Immunity in Primate Brain.
C. Barcia, A. Gomez, V. de Pablos, E. Fernandez-Villalba, C. Liu, K. M. Kroeger, J. Martin, A. F. Barreiro, M. G. Castro, P. R. Lowenstein, et al. (2008)
J. Virol.
82, 9978-9993
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Reversible disruption of BCL6 repression complexes by CD40 signaling in normal and malignant B cells.
L. Quemeneur, V. Angeli, M. Chopin, and R. Jessberger (2008)
Blood
111, 2714-2724
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
ICOS, CD40, and Lymphotoxin {beta} Receptors Signal Sequentially and Interdependently to Initiate a Germinal Center Reaction.
F. Vu, U. Dianzani, C. F. Ware, T. Mak, and J. L. Gommerman (2008)
J. Immunol.
180, 2284-2293
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Human Follicular Dendritic Cells Interact with T Cells via Expression and Regulation of Cyclooxygenases and Prostaglandin E and I Synthases.
I. Y. Lee, W. Cho, J. Kim, C.-S. Park, and J. Choe (2008)
J. Immunol.
180, 1390-1397
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Live Cell Imaging Reveals that the Inhibitory Fc{gamma}RIIB Destabilizes B Cell Receptor Membrane-Lipid Interactions and Blocks Immune Synapse Formation.
Overexpression of the CXCR5 chemokine receptor, and its ligand, CXCL13 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
A. Burkle, M. Niedermeier, A. Schmitt-Graff, W. G. Wierda, M. J. Keating, and J. A. Burger (2007)
Blood
110, 3316-3325
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Germinal centers in human lymph nodes contain reactivated memory B cells.
R. J. Bende, F. van Maldegem, M. Triesscheijn, T. A.M. Wormhoudt, R. Guijt, and C. J.M. van Noesel (2007)
J. Exp. Med.
204, 2655-2665
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Role of CXCR5 and CCR7 in Follicular Th Cell Positioning and Appearance of a Programmed Cell Death Gene-1High Germinal Center-Associated Subpopulation.
N. M. Haynes, C. D. C. Allen, R. Lesley, K. M. Ansel, N. Killeen, and J. G. Cyster (2007)
J. Immunol.
179, 5099-5108
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Preformed CD40 ligand exists in secretory lysosomes in effector and memory CD4+ T cells and is quickly expressed on the cell surface in an antigen-specific manner.
Y. Koguchi, T. J. Thauland, M. K. Slifka, and D. C. Parker (2007)
Blood
110, 2520-2527
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
H. Lucy Tang,
Jason G. Cyster
Present address: Amgen Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. 
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: 
