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Morphogenetic Cell Movements: Diversity from Modular Mechanical Properties
Denise J. Montell
Abstract:
Animal tissue and organ development requires the orchestrationof cell movements, including those of interconnected cell groups,termed collective cell movements. Such movements are incrediblydiverse. Recent work suggests that two core cellular properties,cell-cell adhesion and contractility, can largely determinegeometry, packing, sorting, and rearrangement of epithelialcell layers. Two additional force-generating properties, theability to generate cell protrusions and cell adhesion to theextracellular matrix, contribute to active motility. These mechanicalproperties can be regulated independently in cells, suggestingthat they can be employed in a combinatorial manner. A smallnumber of properties used in combination could, in principle,generate a diverse array of cell shapes and arrangements andthus orchestrate the varied morphogenetic events observed duringmetazoan organ development.
Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Cell Dynamics, Rangos Building, Suite 450, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. E-mail: dmontell{at}jhmi.edu
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