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c-di-AMP Secreted by Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes Activates a Host Type I Interferon Response
Joshua J. Woodward,1
Anthony T. Iavarone,2
Daniel A. Portnoy1,3,*
Abstract:
Intracellular bacterial pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes,are detected in the cytosol of host immune cells. Inductionof this host response is often dependent on microbial secretionsystems and, in L. monocytogenes, is dependent on multidrugefflux pumps (MDRs). Using L. monocytogenes mutants that overexpressedMDRs, we identified cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP)as a secreted molecule able to trigger the cytosolic host response.Overexpression of the di-adenylate cyclase, dacA (lmo2120),resulted in elevated levels of the host response during infection.c-di-AMP thus represents a putative bacterial secondary signalingmolecule that triggers a cytosolic pathway of innate immunityand is predicted to be present in a wide variety of bacteriaand archea.
1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. 2 QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. 3 School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: portnoy{at}berkeley.edu
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