Gamete Recognition in Mice Depends on the Cleavage Status of an Egg’s Zona Pellucida Protein

Gagandeep Gahlay, Lyn Gauthier, Boris Baibakov, Olga Epifano, Jurrien Dean^*

Abstract: At fertilization, mouse sperm bind to the zona pellucida (which consists of glycoproteins ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3) that surrounds eggs. A ZP2 cleavage model of gamete recognition requires intact ZP2, and a glycan release model postulates that zona glycans are ligands for sperm. These two models were tested by replacing endogenous protein with ZP2 that cannot be cleaved (Zp2^Mut) or with ZP3 lacking implicated O glycans (Zp3^Mut). Sperm bound to two-cell Zp2^Mut embryos despite fertilization and cortical granule exocytosis. Contrary to prediction, sperm fertilized Zp3^Mut eggs. Sperm at the surface of the zona pellucida remained acrosome-intact for more than 2 hours and were displaced by additional sperm. These data indicate that sperm-egg recognition depends on the cleavage status of ZP2 and that binding at the surface of the zona is not sufficient to induce sperm acrosome exocytosis.

Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jurrien{at}helix.nih.gov

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