Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
Subscribe

Sci. STKE, 5 October 2004
Vol. 2004, Issue 253, p. re15
[DOI: 10.1126/stke.2532004re15]

REVIEWS

The VGL-Chanome: A Protein Superfamily Specialized for Electrical Signaling and Ionic Homeostasis

Frank H. Yu and William A. Catterall1*

1Department of Pharmacology, Mailstop 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–7280, USA.

Abstract: Complex multicellular organisms require rapid and accurate transmission of information among cells and tissues and tight coordination of distant functions. Electrical signals and resulting intracellular calcium transients, in vertebrates, control contraction of muscle, secretion of hormones, sensation of the environment, processing of information in the brain, and output from the brain to peripheral tissues. In nonexcitable cells, calcium transients signal many key cellular events, including secretion, gene expression, and cell division. In epithelial cells, huge ion fluxes are conducted across tissue boundaries. All of these physiological processes are mediated in part by members of the voltage-gated ion channel protein superfamily. This protein superfamily of 143 members is one of the largest groups of signal transduction proteins, ranking third after the G protein–coupled receptors and the protein kinases in number. Each member of this superfamily contains a similar pore structure, usually covalently attached to regulatory domains that respond to changes in membrane voltage, intracellular signaling molecules, or both. Eight families are included in this protein superfamily—voltage-gated sodium, calcium, and potassium channels; calcium-activated potassium channels; cyclic nucleotide–modulated ion channels; transient receptor potential (TRP) channels; inwardly rectifying potassium channels; and two-pore potassium channels. This article identifies all of the members of this protein superfamily in the human genome, reviews the molecular and evolutionary relations among these ion channels, and describes their functional roles in cell physiology.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: wcatt{at}u.washington.edu.

Citation: F. H. Yu, W. A. Catterall, The VGL-Chanome: A Protein Superfamily Specialized for Electrical Signaling and Ionic Homeostasis. Sci. STKE 2004, re15 (2004).

Read the Full Text

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Construction and validation of a homology model of the human voltage-gated proton channel hHV1.
K. Kulleperuma, S. M. E. Smith, D. Morgan, B. Musset, J. Holyoake, N. Chakrabarti, V. V. Cherny, T. E. DeCoursey, and R. Pomes (2013)
J. Gen. Physiol. 141, 445-465
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Specific deletion of NaV1.1 sodium channels in inhibitory interneurons causes seizures and premature death in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome.
C. S. Cheah, F. H. Yu, R. E. Westenbroek, F. K. Kalume, J. C. Oakley, G. B. Potter, J. L. Rubenstein, and W. A. Catterall (2012)
PNAS 109, 14646-14651
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Voltage-gated potassium channels and the diversity of electrical signalling.
L. Y. Jan and Y. N. Jan (2012)
J. Physiol. 590, 2591-2599
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Voltage-gated sodium channels at 60: structure, function and pathophysiology.
W. A. Catterall (2012)
J. Physiol. 590, 2577-2589
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural basis for gating charge movement in the voltage sensor of a sodium channel.
V. Yarov-Yarovoy, P. G. DeCaen, R. E. Westenbroek, C.-Y. Pan, T. Scheuer, D. Baker, and W. A. Catterall (2012)
PNAS 109, E93-E102
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A null mutation of the neuronal sodium channel NaV1.6 disrupts action potential propagation and excitation-contraction coupling in the mouse heart.
S. F. Noujaim, K. Kaur, M. Milstein, J. M. Jones, P. Furspan, D. Jiang, D. S. Auerbach, T. Herron, M. H. Meisler, and J. Jalife (2012)
FASEB J 26, 63-72
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gating charge interactions with the S1 segment during activation of a Na+ channel voltage sensor.
P. G. DeCaen, V. Yarov-Yarovoy, T. Scheuer, and W. A. Catterall (2011)
PNAS 108, 18825-18830
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) protein dissection creates a set of functional pore-only proteins.
D. Shaya, M. Kreir, R. A. Robbins, S. Wong, J. Hammon, A. Bruggemann, and D. L. Minor Jr. (2011)
PNAS 108, 12313-12318
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cysteine scanning and modification reveal major differences between BK channels and Kv channels in the inner pore region.
Y. Zhou, X.-M. Xia, and C. J. Lingle (2011)
PNAS 108, 12161-12166
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arrangement and Mobility of the Voltage Sensor Domain in Prokaryotic Voltage-gated Sodium Channels.
T. Shimomura, K. Irie, H. Nagura, T. Imai, and Y. Fujiyoshi (2011)
J. Biol. Chem. 286, 7409-7417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Evolution of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Tetrapods and Teleost Fishes.
J. Widmark, G. Sundstrom, D. Ocampo Daza, and D. Larhammar (2011)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 28, 859-871
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Planar Patch Clamp Approach to Characterize Ionic Currents from Intact Lysosomes.
M. Schieder, K. Rotzer, A. Bruggemann, M. Biel, and C. Wahl-Schott (2010)
Science Signaling 3, pl3
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Triple N-Glycosylation in the Long S5-P Loop Regulates the Activation and Trafficking of the Kv12.2 Potassium Channel.
K. Noma, K. Kimura, K. Minatohara, H. Nakashima, Y. Nagao, A. Mizoguchi, and Y. Fujiyoshi (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 33139-33150
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Architecture and gating of Hv1 proton channels.
F. Tombola, M. H. Ulbrich, and E. Y. Isacoff (2009)
J. Physiol. 587, 5325-5329
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Channels: From Genes to Function.
M. Biel, C. Wahl-Schott, S. Michalakis, and X. Zong (2009)
Physiol Rev 89, 847-885
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inherited Neuronal Ion Channelopathies: New Windows on Complex Neurological Diseases.
W. A. Catterall, S. Dib-Hajj, M. H. Meisler, and D. Pietrobon (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 11768-11777
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Unbiased Prospective Screens Identify TRP Channels and Their Conserved Gating Elements.
B. R. Myers, Y. Saimi, D. Julius, and C. Kung (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 481-486
   Full Text »    PDF »
Localization and Targeting of Voltage-Dependent Ion Channels in Mammalian Central Neurons.
H. Vacher, D. P. Mohapatra, and J. S. Trimmer (2008)
Physiol Rev 88, 1407-1447
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ion Channels as Drug Targets: The Next GPCRs.
G. J. Kaczorowski, O. B. McManus, B. T. Priest, and M. L. Garcia (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 131, 399-405
   Full Text »    PDF »
Vasopressin-induced membrane trafficking of TRPC3 and AQP2 channels in cells of the rat renal collecting duct.
M. Goel, W. G. Sinkins, C.-D. Zuo, U. Hopfer, and W. P. Schilling (2007)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293, F1476-F1488
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Putting an end to DEND: A severe neonatal-onset epilepsy is treatable if recognized early.
E. C. Cooper and Z. Pan (2007)
Neurology 69, 1310-1311
   Full Text »    PDF »
Receptor-induced Activation of Drosophila TRP{gamma} by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.
S. Jors, V. Kazanski, A. Foik, D. Krautwurst, and C. Harteneck (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 29693-29702
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Voltage sensor conformations in the open and closed states in ROSETTA structural models of K+ channels.
V. Yarov-Yarovoy, D. Baker, and W. A. Catterall (2006)
PNAS 103, 7292-7297
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and localization of TRPC channels in the rat kidney.
M. Goel, W. G. Sinkins, C.-D. Zuo, M. Estacion, and W. P. Schilling (2006)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290, F1241-F1252
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Separate Populations of Receptor Cells and Presynaptic Cells in Mouse Taste Buds.
R. A. DeFazio, G. Dvoryanchikov, Y. Maruyama, J. W. Kim, E. Pereira, S. D. Roper, and N. Chaudhari (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 3971-3980
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A common ankyrin-G-based mechanism retains KCNQ and NaV channels at electrically active domains of the axon..
Z. Pan, T. Kao, Z. Horvath, J. Lemos, J.-Y. Sul, S. D. Cranstoun, V. Bennett, S. S. Scherer, and E. C. Cooper (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 2599-2613
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Upregulation of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel {beta}2 Subunit in Neuropathic Pain Models: Characterization of Expression in Injured and Non-Injured Primary Sensory Neurons.
M. Pertin, R.-R. Ji, T. Berta, A. J. Powell, L. Karchewski, S. N. Tate, L. L. Isom, C. J. Woolf, N. Gilliard, D. R. Spahn, et al. (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 10970-10980
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reversed voltage-dependent gating of a bacterial sodium channel with proline substitutions in the S6 transmembrane segment.
Y. Zhao, T. Scheuer, and W. A. Catterall (2004)
PNAS 101, 17873-17878
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »

To Advertise     Find Products

Science Signaling. ISSN 1937-9145 (online), 1945-0877 (print). Pre-2008: Science's STKE. ISSN 1525-8882