LFG: An anti-apoptotic gene that provides protection from Fas-mediated cell death

Nikunj V. Somia, Mark J. Schmitt, Douglas E. Vetter, Daniel Van Antwerp, Stephen F. Heinemann, and Inder M. Verma^*

The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037

Accepted for publication September 3, 1999.

Abstract: Programmed cell death regulates a number of biological phenomena, and the apoptotic signal must itself be tightly controlled to avoid inappropriate cell death. We established a genetic screen to search for molecules that inhibit the apoptotic signal from the Fas receptor. Here we report the isolation of a gene, LFG, that protects cells uniquely from Fas but not from the mechanistically related tumor necrosis factor α death signal. LFG is widely distributed, but remarkably is highly expressed in the hippocampus. LFG can bind to the Fas receptor, but does not regulate Fas expression or interfere with binding of an agonist antibody. Furthermore LFG does not inhibit binding of FADD to Fas.

Data deposition: The sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the GenBank database (accession no. AF190461).

Six-transmembrane Topology for Golgi Anti-apoptotic Protein (GAAP) and Bax Inhibitor 1 (BI-1) Provides Model for the Transmembrane Bax Inhibitor-containing Motif (TMBIM) Family.

G. Carrara, N. Saraiva, C. Gubser, B. F. Johnson, and G. L. Smith (2012)
J. Biol. Chem. 287, 15896-15905
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Antiapoptotic protein Lifeguard is required for survival and maintenance of Purkinje and granular cells.

T. Hurtado de Mendoza, C. G. Perez-Garcia, T. T. Kroll, N. H. Hoong, D. D. M. O'Leary, and I. M. Verma (2011)
PNAS 108, 17189-17194
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Fas/CD95 Regulatory Protein Faim2 Is Neuroprotective after Transient Brain Ischemia.

A. Reich, C. Spering, K. Gertz, C. Harms, E. Gerhardt, G. Kronenberg, K. A. Nave, M. Schwab, S. C. Tauber, A. Drinkut, et al. (2011)
J. Neurosci. 31, 225-233
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif Containing (TMBIM) Family Proteins Perturbs a trans-Golgi Network Enzyme, Gb3 Synthase, and Reduces Gb3 Biosynthesis.

T. Yamaji, K. Nishikawa, and K. Hanada (2010)
J. Biol. Chem. 285, 35505-35518
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Identification of a Novel Protein MICS1 that is Involved in Maintenance of Mitochondrial Morphology and Apoptotic Release of Cytochrome c.

T. Oka, T. Sayano, S. Tamai, S. Yokota, H. Kato, G. Fujii, and K. Mihara (2008)
Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 2597-2608
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Regenerative response in the pig liver remnant varies with the degree of resection and rise in portal pressure.

K. E. Mortensen, L. N. Conley, J. Hedegaard, T. Kalstad, P. Sorensen, C. Bendixen, and A. Revhaug (2008)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 294, G819-G830
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation.

A. Safdar, N. J. Yardley, R. Snow, S. Melov, and M. A. Tarnopolsky (2008)
Physiol Genomics 32, 219-228
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Long Form of Fas Apoptotic Inhibitory Molecule Is Expressed Specifically in Neurons and Protects Them against Death Receptor-Triggered Apoptosis.

M. F. Segura, C. Sole, M. Pascual, R. S. Moubarak, M. Jose Perez-Garcia, R. Gozzelino, V. Iglesias, N. Badiola, J. R. Bayascas, N. Llecha, et al. (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 11228-11241
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Isolation, characterization, and genetic complementation of a cellular mutant resistant to retroviral infection.

S. Agarwal, J. Harada, J. Schreifels, P. Lech, B. Nikolai, T. Yamaguchi, S. K. Chanda, and N. V. Somia (2006)
PNAS 103, 15933-15938
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

TNF-{alpha} Sensitizes Normal and Fibrotic Human Lung Fibroblasts to Fas-Induced Apoptosis.

S. K. Frankel, G. P. Cosgrove, S.-I. Cha, C. D. Cool, M. W. Wynes, B. L. Edelman, K. K. Brown, and D. W. H. Riches (2006)
34, 293-304
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Infection-Dependent Nuclear Localization of US17, a Member of the US12 Family of Human Cytomegalovirus-Encoded Seven-Transmembrane Proteins.

S. Das, Y. Skomorovska-Prokvolit, F.-Z. Wang, and P. E. Pellett (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 1191-1203
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

FasL (CD95L/APO-1L) Resistance of Neurons Mediated by Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt/Protein Kinase B-Dependent Expression of Lifeguard/Neuronal Membrane Protein 35.

C. P. Beier, J. Wischhusen, M. Gleichmann, E. Gerhardt, A. Pekanovic, A. Krueger, V. Taylor, U. Suter, P. H. Krammer, M. Endres, et al. (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 6765-6774
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Identification of New Herpesvirus Gene Homologs in the Human Genome.

R. Holzerlandt, C. Orengo, P. Kellam, and M. M. Alba (2002)
Genome Res. 12, 1739-1748
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Regulation of Antioxidant Metabolism by Translation Initiation Factor 2{alpha}.

S. Tan, N. Somia, P. Maher, and D. Schubert (2001)
J. Cell Biol. 152, 997-1006
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »