Lin Zhang, Jian Yu, Ben Ho Park, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Bert Vogelstein^*

To assess the role of BAX in drug-induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells, we generated cells that lack functional BAX genes. Such cells were partially resistant to the apoptotic effects of the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil, but apoptosis was not abolished. In contrast, the absence of BAX completely abolished the apoptotic response to the chemopreventive agent sulindac and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs inhibited the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-X_L, resulting in an altered ratio of BAX to Bcl-X_L and subsequent mitochondria-mediated cell death. These results establish an unambiguous role for BAX in apoptotic processes in human epithelial cancers and may have implications for cancer chemoprevention strategies.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oncology Center, and Program in Human Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
^*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: vogelbe{at}welch.jhu.edu

The impact of post-transcriptional regulation in the p53 network.

J. A. Freeman and J. M. Espinosa (2013)
Briefings in Functional Genomics 12, 46-57
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Host Immune Defense Peptide LL-37 Activates Caspase-Independent Apoptosis and Suppresses Colon Cancer.

S. X. Ren, A. S. L. Cheng, K. F. To, J. H. M. Tong, M. S. Li, J. Shen, C. C. M. Wong, L. Zhang, R. L. Y. Chan, X. J. Wang, et al. (2012)
Cancer Res. 72, 6512-6523
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Neem oil limonoids induces p53-independent apoptosis and autophagy.

P. Srivastava, N. Yadav, R. Lella, A. Schneider, A. Jones, T. Marlowe, G. Lovett, K. O'Loughlin, H. Minderman, R. Gogada, et al. (2012)
Carcinogenesis 33, 2199-2207
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Bax{Delta}2 Is a Novel Bax Isoform Unique to Microsatellite Unstable Tumors.

B. Haferkamp, H. Zhang, Y. Lin, X. Yeap, A. Bunce, J. Sharpe, and J. Xiang (2012)
J. Biol. Chem. 287, 34722-34729
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Loss of Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive Factor Attachment Protein {alpha} ({alpha}SNAP) Induces Epithelial Cell Apoptosis via Down-regulation of Bcl-2 Expression and Disruption of the Golgi.

N. G. Naydenov, G. Harris, B. Brown, K. L. Schaefer, S. K. Das, P. B. Fisher, and A. I. Ivanov (2012)
J. Biol. Chem. 287, 5928-5941
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Phenylarsine Oxide Induces Apoptosis in Bax- and Bak-Deficient Cells through Upregulation of Bim.

B. Ni, Q. Ma, B. Li, L. Zhao, Y. Liu, Y. Zhu, and Q. Chen (2012)
Clin. Cancer Res. 18, 140-151
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

High Cell Surface Death Receptor Expression Determines Type I Versus Type II Signaling.

X. W. Meng, K. L. Peterson, H. Dai, P. Schneider, S.-H. Lee, J.-S. Zhang, A. Koenig, S. Bronk, D. D. Billadeau, G. J. Gores, et al. (2011)
J. Biol. Chem. 286, 35823-35833
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Resveratrol Induces p53-independent, X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP)-mediated Bax Protein Oligomerization on Mitochondria to Initiate Cytochrome c Release and Caspase Activation.

R. Gogada, V. Prabhu, M. Amadori, R. Scott, S. Hashmi, and D. Chandra (2011)
J. Biol. Chem. 286, 28749-28760
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

BAX supports the mitochondrial network, promoting bioenergetics in nonapoptotic cells.

R. J. Boohaker, G. Zhang, A. L. Carlson, K. N. Nemec, and A. R. Khaled (2011)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 300, C1466-C1478
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Following Cytochrome c Release, Autophagy Is Inhibited during Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis by Caspase 8-Mediated Cleavage of Beclin 1.

H. Li, P. Wang, Q. Sun, W.-X. Ding, X.-M. Yin, R. W. Sobol, D. B. Stolz, J. Yu, and L. Zhang (2011)
Cancer Res. 71, 3625-3634
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Heme Oxygenase-1 Couples Activation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis to Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Expression.

C. A. Piantadosi, C. M. Withers, R. R. Bartz, N. C. MacGarvey, P. Fu, T. E. Sweeney, K. E. Welty-Wolf, and H. B. Suliman (2011)
J. Biol. Chem. 286, 16374-16385
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cdk1/Cyclin B1 Controls Fas-Mediated Apoptosis by Regulating Caspase-8 Activity.

Y. Matthess, M. Raab, M. Sanhaji, I. N. Lavrik, and K. Strebhardt (2010)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 30, 5726-5740
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

p53-mediated apoptosis requires inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2.

M. A. Koldobskiy, A. Chakraborty, J. K. Werner Jr., A. M. Snowman, K. R. Juluri, M. S. Vandiver, S. Kim, S. Heletz, and S. H. Snyder (2010)
PNAS 107, 20947-20951
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Chemoprevention by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs eliminates oncogenic intestinal stem cells via SMAC-dependent apoptosis.

W. Qiu, X. Wang, B. Leibowitz, H. Liu, N. Barker, H. Okada, N. Oue, W. Yasui, H. Clevers, R. E. Schoen, et al. (2010)
PNAS 107, 20027-20032
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Dihydroartemisinin Induces Apoptosis by a Bak-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway.

R. Handrick, T. Ontikatze, K.-D. Bauer, F. Freier, A. Rubel, J. Durig, C. Belka, and V. Jendrossek (2010)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 9, 2497-2510
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Pseudomonas Exotoxin A-Mediated Apoptosis Is Bak Dependent and Preceded by the Degradation of Mcl-1.

X. Du, R. J. Youle, D. J. FitzGerald, and I. Pastan (2010)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 30, 3444-3452
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Angiotensin-II-induced apoptosis requires regulation of nucleolin and Bcl-xL by SHP-2 in primary lung endothelial cells.

Y. H. Lee, O. Mungunsukh, R. L. Tutino, A. P. Marquez, and R. M. Day (2010)
J. Cell Sci. 123, 1634-1643
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Arsenic-Specific Stem Cell Selection During Malignant Transformation.

E. J. Tokar, W. Qu, J. Liu, W. Liu, M. M. Webber, J. M. Phang, and M. P. Waalkes (2010)
J Natl Cancer Inst 102, 638-649
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Endogenous Bak inhibitors Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL: differential impact on TRAIL resistance in Bax-deficient carcinoma.

B. Gillissen, J. Wendt, A. Richter, A. Richter, A. Muer, T. Overkamp, N. Gebhardt, R. Preissner, C. Belka, B. Dorken, et al. (2010)
J. Cell Biol. 188, 851-862
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

BAX/BAK-Independent Mitoptosis during Cell Death Induced by Proteasome Inhibition?.

E. Lomonosova, J. Ryerse, and G. Chinnadurai (2009)
Mol. Cancer Res. 7, 1268-1284
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A novel agonistic antibody to human death receptor 4 induces apoptotic cell death in various tumor cells without cytotoxicity in hepatocytes.

E.-S. Sung, K.-J. Park, S.-H. Lee, Y.-S. Jang, S.-K. Park, Y.-H. Park, W.-J. Kwag, M.-H. Kwon, and Y.-S. Kim (2009)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 8, 2276-2285
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Oncogenic transformation confers a selective susceptibility to the combined suppression of the proteasome and autophagy.

W.-X. Ding, H.-M. Ni, W. Gao, X. Chen, J. H. Kang, D. B. Stolz, J. Liu, and X.-M. Yin (2009)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 8, 2036-2045
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Determinants for the efficiency of anticancer drugs targeting either Aurora-A or Aurora-B kinases in human colon carcinoma cells.

P. Kaestner, A. Stolz, and H. Bastians (2009)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 8, 2046-2056
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

PUMA Suppresses Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Mice.

W. Qiu, E. B. Carson-Walter, S. F. Kuan, L. Zhang, and J. Yu (2009)
Cancer Res. 69, 4999-5006
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

p53 Acetylation Is Crucial for Its Transcription-independent Proapoptotic Functions.

H. Yamaguchi, N. T. Woods, L. G. Piluso, H.-H. Lee, J. Chen, K. N. Bhalla, A. Monteiro, X. Liu, M.-C. Hung, and H.-G. Wang (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 11171-11183
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Death Receptor-Induced Activation of the Chk2- and Histone H2AX-Associated DNA Damage Response Pathways.

S. Solier, O. Sordet, K. W. Kohn, and Y. Pommier (2009)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 29, 68-82
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

An intracellular wave of cytochrome c propagates and precedes Bax redistribution during apoptosis.

L. Lartigue, C. Medina, L. Schembri, P. Chabert, M. Zanese, F. Tomasello, R. Dalibart, D. Thoraval, M. Crouzet, F. Ichas, et al. (2008)
J. Cell Sci. 121, 3515-3523
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Induced Endothelial Apoptosis by Perturbing Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{delta} Transcriptional Pathway.

J.-Y. Liou, C.-C. Wu, B.-R. Chen, L. B. Yen, and K. K. Wu (2008)
Mol. Pharmacol. 74, 1399-1406
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Effects of Celecoxib and Nimesulide on the Proliferation of Ectopic Endometrial Stromal Cells in vitro.

B. Kong, Y. Tian, W. Zhu, S. Su, and Y. Kan (2008)
Journal of International Medical Research 36, 1032-1038
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

Topoisomerase I Requirement for Death Receptor-induced Apoptotic Nuclear Fission.

O. Sordet, A. Goldman, C. Redon, S. Solier, V. A. Rao, and Y. Pommier (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 23200-23208
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Transcriptional role of p53 in interferon-mediated antiviral immunity.

C. Munoz-Fontela, S. Macip, L. Martinez-Sobrido, L. Brown, J. Ashour, A. Garcia-Sastre, S. W. Lee, and S. A. Aaronson (2008)
J. Exp. Med. 205, 1929-1938
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein activates the mitochondrial death pathway through p38 MAP kinase activation.

K. Padhan, R. Minakshi, M. A. B. Towheed, and S. Jameel (2008)
J. Gen. Virol. 89, 1960-1969
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Anti-cancer Effects of JKA97 Are Associated with Its Induction of Cell Apoptosis via a Bax-dependent and p53-independent Pathway.

W. Luo, J. Liu, J. Li, D. Zhang, M. Liu, J. K. Addo, S. Patil, L. Zhang, J. Yu, J. K. Buolamwini, et al. (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 8624-8633
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

PINCH-1 Regulates the ERK-Bim Pathway and Contributes to Apoptosis Resistance in Cancer Cells.

K. Chen, Y. Tu, Y. Zhang, H. C. Blair, L. Zhang, and C. Wu (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 2508-2517
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

SMAC Mimetics Sensitize Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Induced Apoptosis by Promoting Caspase-3 Mediated Cytochrome c Release.

A. Bank, P. Wang, C. Du, J. Yu, and L. Zhang (2008)
Cancer Res. 68, 276-284
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Screening for Compounds That Induce Apoptosis of Cancer Cells Grown as Multicellular Spheroids.

R. Herrmann, W. Fayad, S. Schwarz, M. Berndtsson, and S. Linder (2008)
J Biomol Screen 13, 1-8
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

High Mobility Group Protein B1 Is an Activator of Apoptotic Response to Antimetabolite Drugs.

N. Krynetskaia, H. Xie, S. Vucetic, Z. Obradovic, and E. Krynetskiy (2008)
Mol. Pharmacol. 73, 260-269
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Mcl-1 determines the Bax dependency of Nbk/Bik-induced apoptosis.

B. Gillissen, F. Essmann, P. G. Hemmati, A. Richter, A. Richter, I. Oztop, G. Chinnadurai, B. Dorken, and P. T. Daniel (2007)
J. Cell Biol. 179, 701-715
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cell Cycle Dependent and Schedule-Dependent Antitumor Effects of Sorafenib Combined with Radiation.

J. P. Plastaras, S.-H. Kim, Y. Y. Liu, D. T. Dicker, J. F. Dorsey, J. McDonough, G. Cerniglia, R. R. Rajendran, A. Gupta, A. K. Rustgi, et al. (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 9443-9454
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Resveratrol induces cell death in colorectal cancer cells by a novel pathway involving lysosomal cathepsin D.

N. F. Trincheri, G. Nicotra, C. Follo, R. Castino, and C. Isidoro (2007)
Carcinogenesis 28, 922-931
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

p53 and p21 Determine the Sensitivity of Noscapine-Induced Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells.

R. Aneja, A. M. Ghaleb, J. Zhou, V. W. Yang, and H. C. Joshi (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 3862-3870
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Induce Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Suppressing 14-3-3{varepsilon}.

J.-Y. Liou, D. Ghelani, S. Yeh, and K. K. Wu (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 3185-3191
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A coordinated action of Bax, PUMA, and p53 promotes MG132-induced mitochondria activation and apoptosis in colon cancer cells.

W.-X. Ding, H.-M. Ni, X. Chen, J. Yu, L. Zhang, and X.-M. Yin (2007)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 6, 1062-1069
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Differential Effects of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Autophagy on Cell Survival.

W.-X. Ding, H.-M. Ni, W. Gao, Y.-F. Hou, M. A. Melan, X. Chen, D. B. Stolz, Z.-M. Shao, and X.-M. Yin (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 4702-4710
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Targeting of multiple signalling pathways by heat shock protein 90 molecular chaperone inhibitors.

M. V Powers and P. Workman (2006)
Endocr. Relat. Cancer 13, S125-S135
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by MK886 augments the antitumor activity of celecoxib in human colon cancer cells..

F. Cianchi, C. Cortesini, L. Magnelli, E. Fanti, L. Papucci, N. Schiavone, L. Messerini, A. Vannacci, S. Capaccioli, F. Perna, et al. (2006)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 5, 2716-2726
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Aspirin Induces Apoptosis through the Inhibition of Proteasome Function.

P. Dikshit, M. Chatterjee, A. Goswami, A. Mishra, and N. R. Jana (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 29228-29235
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cytopathic effects of the cytomegalovirus-encoded apoptosis inhibitory protein vMIA.

D. Poncet, A.-L. Pauleau, G. Szabadkai, A. Vozza, S. R. Scholz, M. Le Bras, J.-J. Briere, A. Jalil, R. Le Moigne, C. Brenner, et al. (2006)
J. Cell Biol. 174, 985-996
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Caspase-2 Triggers Bax-Bak-dependent and -independent Cell Death in Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Resveratrol.

J. Mohan, A. A. Gandhi, B. C. Bhavya, R. Rashmi, D. Karunagaran, R. Indu, and T. R. Santhoshkumar (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 17599-17611
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Apoptosis Induction by Activator Protein 2{alpha} Involves Transcriptional Repression of Bcl-2.

N. Wajapeyee, R. Britto, H. M. Ravishankar, and K. Somasundaram (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 16207-16219
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Vinblastine-induced Apoptosis Is Mediated by Discrete Alterations in Subcellular Location, Oligomeric Structure, and Activation Status of Specific Bcl-2 Family Members.

M. Upreti, C. S. Lyle, B. Skaug, L. Du, and T. C. Chambers (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 15941-15950
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Inhibition of Glutathione Synthesis Overcomes Bcl-2-Mediated Topoisomerase Inhibitor Resistance and Induces Nonapoptotic Cell Death via Mitochondrial-Independent Pathway.

A. Yoshida, H. Takemura, H. Inoue, T. Miyashita, and T. Ueda (2006)
Cancer Res. 66, 5772-5780
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Free Fatty Acids Induce JNK-dependent Hepatocyte Lipoapoptosis.

H. Malhi, S. F. Bronk, N. W. Werneburg, and G. J. Gores (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 12093-12101
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

A Novel Mechanism of Action of Methyl-2-cyano-3,12 Dioxoolean-1,9 Diene-28-oate: Direct Permeabilization of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane to Inhibit Electron Transport and Induce Apoptosis.

I. Samudio, M. Konopleva, H. Pelicano, P. Huang, O. Frolova, W. Bornmann, Y. Ying, R. Evans, R. Contractor, and M. Andreeff (2006)
Mol. Pharmacol. 69, 1182-1193
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Androgen and Its Receptor Promote Bax-Mediated Apoptosis.

Y. Lin, J. Kokontis, F. Tang, B. Godfrey, S. Liao, A. Lin, Y. Chen, and J. Xiang (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 1908-1916
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Meloxicam inhibits osteosarcoma growth, invasiveness and metastasis by COX-2-dependent and independent routes.

T. Naruse, Y. Nishida, K. Hosono, and N. Ishiguro (2006)
Carcinogenesis 27, 584-592
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Resistance of Cancers to Immunologic Cytotoxicity and Adoptive Immunotherapy via X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Expression and Coexisting Defects in Mitochondrial Death Signaling.

R. Ravi, E. J. Fuchs, A. Jain, V. Pham, K. Yoshimura, T. Prouser, S. Jalla, X. Zhou, E. Garrett-Mayer, S. H. Kaufmann, et al. (2006)
Cancer Res. 66, 1730-1739
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

c-Abl-independent p73 stabilization during gemcitabine- or 4'-thio-{beta}-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced apoptosis in wild-type and p53-null colorectal cancer cells..

J. V. Thottassery, L. Westbrook, H. Someya, and W. B. Parker (2006)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 5, 400-410
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Tissue Transglutaminase Serves as an Inhibitor of Apoptosis by Cross-Linking Caspase 3 in Thapsigargin-Treated Cells.

H. Yamaguchi and H.-G. Wang (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 569-579
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

PROSTAGLANDINS AND CANCER.

D Wang and R N DuBois (2006)
Gut 55, 115-122
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Sensitization of DNA damage-induced apoptosis by the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 is p53 dependent and involves target proteins 14-3-3{sigma} and survivin.

S. A.J. Vaziri, J. Hill, K. Chikamori, D. R. Grabowski, N. Takigawa, M. Chawla-Sarkar, L. R. Rybicki, A. V. Gudkov, T. Mekhail, R. M. Bukowski, et al. (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 1880-1890
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Cancer-Specific Functions of SIRT1 Enable Human Epithelial Cancer Cell Growth and Survival.

J. Ford, M. Jiang, and J. Milner (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 10457-10463
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Loss of Bif-1 Suppresses Bax/Bak Conformational Change and Mitochondrial Apoptosis.

Y. Takahashi, M. Karbowski, H. Yamaguchi, A. Kazi, J. Wu, S. M. Sebti, R. J. Youle, and H.-G. Wang (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 9369-9382
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

MAP-1 is a mitochondrial effector of Bax.

K. O. Tan, N. Y. Fu, S. K. Sukumaran, S.-L. Chan, J. H. Kang, K. L. Poon, B. S. Chen, and V. C. Yu (2005)
PNAS 102, 14623-14628
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

COX and cancer.

D. Mazhar, R. Gillmore, and J. Waxman (2005)
QJM 98, 711-718
 |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Pharmacologic Modulation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3{beta} Promotes p53-Dependent Apoptosis through a Direct Bax-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

J. Tan, L. Zhuang, H.-S. Leong, N. G. Iyer, E. T. Liu, and Q. Yu (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 9012-9020
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Sulindac sulfide-induced apoptosis is enhanced by a small-molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor and by TRAIL in human colon cancer cells overexpressing Bcl-2.

F. A. Sinicrope and R. C. Penington (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 1475-1483
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

SDX-101, the R-enantiomer of etodolac, induces cytotoxicity, overcomes drug resistance, and enhances the activity of dexamethasone in multiple myeloma.

H. Yasui, T. Hideshima, M. Hamasaki, A. M. Roccaro, N. Shiraishi, S. Kumar, P. Tassone, K. Ishitsuka, N. Raje, Y.-T. Tai, et al. (2005)
Blood 106, 706-712
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Sulindac Inhibits {beta}-Catenin Expression in Normal-Appearing Colon of Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer and Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Patients.

J. J. Koornstra, F. E.M. Rijcken, C. N.A.M. Oldenhuis, N. Zwart, T. van der Sluis, H. Hollema, E. G.E. deVries, J. J. Keller, J. A. Offerhaus, F. M. Giardiello, et al. (2005)
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 14, 1608-1612
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Bax-dependent Regulation of Bak by Voltage-dependent Anion Channel 2.

D. Chandra, G. Choy, P. T. Daniel, and D. G. Tang (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 19051-19061
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Modulation of Mitochondrial Transition Pore Components by Thyroid Hormone.

E. Yehuda-Shnaidman, B. Kalderon, and J. Bar-Tana (2005)
Endocrinology 146, 2462-2472
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

14-3-3{sigma} Expression Is an Independent Prognostic Parameter for Poor Survival in Colorectal Carcinoma Patients.

A. Perathoner, D. Pirkebner, G. Brandacher, G. Spizzo, S. Stadlmann, P. Obrist, R. Margreiter, and A. Amberger (2005)
Clin. Cancer Res. 11, 3274-3279
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Human colon cancer cells lacking Bax resist curcumin-induced apoptosis and Bax requirement is dispensable with ectopic expression of Smac or downregulation of Bcl-XL.

R. Rashmi, S. Kumar, and D. Karunagaran (2005)
Carcinogenesis 26, 713-723
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Common Polymorphism G(-248)A in the Promoter Region of the bax Gene Results in Significantly Shorter Survival in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Once Treatment Is Initiated.

J. Starczynski, C. Pepper, G. Pratt, L. Hooper, A. Thomas, D. Milligan, P. Bentley, and C. Fegan (2005)
J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 1514-1521
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Bcl-XL small interfering RNA suppresses the proliferation of 5-fluorouracil-resistant human colon cancer cells.

H. Zhu, W. Guo, L. Zhang, J. J. Davis, F. Teraishi, S. Wu, X. Cao, J. Daniel, W. R. Smythe, and B. Fang (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 451-456
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Bcl-XL specifically activates Bak to induce swelling and restructuring of the endoplasmic reticulum.

M. Klee and F. X. Pimentel-Muinos (2005)
J. Cell Biol. 168, 723-734
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{Delta}Np63{alpha} Up-Regulates the Hsp70 Gene in Human Cancer.

G. Wu, M. Osada, Z. Guo, A. Fomenkov, S. Begum, M. Zhao, S. Upadhyay, M. Xing, F. Wu, C. Moon, et al. (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 758-766
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Sulindac enhances adenoviral vector expressing mda-7/IL-24-mediated apoptosis in human lung cancer.

Y. Oida, B. Gopalan, R. Miyahara, S. Inoue, C. D. Branch, A. M. Mhashilkar, E. Lin, B. N. Bekele, J. A. Roth, S. Chada, et al. (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 291-304
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Combination of IFN-{alpha} and 5-Fluorouracil Induces Apoptosis through IFN-{alpha}/{beta} Receptor in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

M. Kondo, H. Nagano, H. Wada, B. Damdinsuren, H. Yamamoto, N. Hiraoka, H. Eguchi, A. Miyamoto, T. Yamamoto, H. Ota, et al. (2005)
Clin. Cancer Res. 11, 1277-1286
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Induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization by compounds that activate p53-independent apoptosis.

H. Erdal, M. Berndtsson, J. Castro, U. Brunk, M. C. Shoshan, and S. Linder (2005)
PNAS 102, 192-197
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Drugging the Cancer Kinome: Progress and Challenges in Developing Personalized Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.

P. WORKMAN (2005)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 70, 499-515
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Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 Expression by Tet-Inducible COX-2 Antisense cDNA in Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer Significantly Slows Tumor Growth and Improves Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs.

D. S. Dandekar and B. L. Lokeshwar (2004)
Clin. Cancer Res. 10, 8037-8047
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Organ-selective chemoresistance in metastasis from human breast cancer cells: inhibition of apoptosis, genetic variability and microenvironment at the metastatic focus.

B. Gu, L. Espana, O. Mendez, A. Torregrosa, and A. Sierra (2004)
Carcinogenesis 25, 2293-2301
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SMAC/Diablo-dependent apoptosis induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in colon cancer cells.

M. Kohli, J. Yu, C. Seaman, A. Bardelli, K. W. Kinzler, B. Vogelstein, C. Lengauer, and L. Zhang (2004)
PNAS 101, 16897-16902
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Inhibition of Extracellular-signal Regulated Kinases 1/2 Is Required for Apoptosis of Human Colon Cancer Cells In vitro by Sulindac Metabolites.

P. L. Rice, K. S. Beard, L. J. Driggers, and D. J. Ahnen (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 8148-8151
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Hydrogen Peroxide-Mediated Cytosolic Acidification Is a Signal for Mitochondrial Translocation of Bax during Drug-Induced Apoptosis of Tumor Cells.

K. A. Ahmad, K. B. Iskandar, J. L. Hirpara, M.-V. Clement, and S. Pervaiz (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 7867-7878
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Apoptosis and colorectal cancer.

A J M Watson (2004)
Gut 53, 1701-1709
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene (NAG-1) expression is closely related to death receptor-4 and -5 induction, which may explain sulindac sulfide induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis.

T. J. Jang, H. J. Kang, J. R. Kim, and C. H. Yang (2004)
Carcinogenesis 25, 1853-1858
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Ectopic expression of Bcl-XL or Ku70 protects human colon cancer cells (SW480) against curcumin-induced apoptosis while their down-regulation potentiates it.

R. Rashmi, S. Kumar, and D. Karunagaran (2004)
Carcinogenesis 25, 1867-1877
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Regulation of Bax Activation and Apoptotic Response to Microtubule-damaging Agents by p53 Transcription-dependent and -independent Pathways.

H. Yamaguchi, J. Chen, K. Bhalla, and H.-G. Wang (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 39431-39437
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Bax Does Not Directly Participate in the Ca2+-induced Permeability Transition of Isolated Mitochondria.

U. De Marchi, S. Campello, I. Szabo, F. Tombola, J.-C. Martinou, and M. Zoratti (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 37415-37422
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Caspase-2 Can Function Upstream of Bid Cleavage in the TRAIL Apoptosis Pathway.

K. W. Wagner, I. H. Engels, and Q. L. Deveraux (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 35047-35052
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Hypoxia Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand-Induced Apoptosis by Blocking Bax Translocation.

M. Kim, S.-Y. Park, H.-S. Pai, T.-H. Kim, T. R. Billiar, and D.-W. Seol (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 4078-4081
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Cytomegalovirus cell death suppressor vMIA blocks Bax- but not Bak-mediated apoptosis by binding and sequestering Bax at mitochondria.

D. Arnoult, L. M. Bartle, A. Skaletskaya, D. Poncet, N. Zamzami, P. U. Park, J. Sharpe, R. J. Youle, and V. S. Goldmacher (2004)
PNAS 101, 7988-7993
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