I

IA:

transient outward K⁺ current

IAA:

stands for indole-3-acetic acid; a plant hormone of the auxin family

IAP:

(1) stands for inhibitor of apoptosis protein; proteins that inhibit caspase activity; (2) stands for integrin-associated protein, also known as CD47, a cell surface protein that interacts with multiple partners; Connections Map Components -- Livin | Ts-IAP | Neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein | CD47 | Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1/2 | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein

ICAD:

stands for inhibitor of caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease; Connections Map Component -- Inhibitor of caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease

ICAM:

stands for intercellular adhesion molecule; a ligand for the integrin LFA1 on T cells

ICliP:

stands for intramembranous cleaving protease; also known as multipass membrane protease (MpMP)

IFN:

stands for interferon; includes the type I and type II members of this family of cytokines; Connections Map Components -- Interferon-induced genes | Interferon alpha/beta | Interferon gamma

IFN-alpha:

stands for interferon- (IFN-); a type I interferon; Connections Map Component -- Interferon alpha/beta

IFN-beta:

stands for interferon-β (IFN-β); a type I interferon; Connections Map Component -- Interferon alpha/beta

IFN-gamma:

stands for interferon-γ; a proinflammatory type II interferon cytokine; Connections Map Component -- Interferon gamma

Ig-alpha:

stands for immunoglobulin-

IGCs:

stands for interchromatin granular structures; intranuclear storage compartment for splicing factors

IGF:

stands for insulin-like growth factor; Connections Map Component -- insulin-like growth factor 1

IGFBP1:

stands for insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein

IkappaB:

stands for inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (IκB); Connections Map Component -- Inhibitor of NF-kappa B alpha

IKK:

stands for inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) kinase; a multiprotein complex involved in activation of NF-κB; Connections Map Components -- IkappaB kinase epsilon | IkappaB kinase alpha | IkappaB kinase beta | IkB kinase complex

IL:

stands for interleukin; a family of cytokines; Connections Map Components -- Interleukin-4 | Interleukin-13 | Interleukin-6 type cytokines | Interleukin-1alpha | Chemokines

IL-1R/TLR:

stands for interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor; a family of receptors defined by the presence of the Toll-I/L-1R (TIR) domain that are involved in immune signaling

IL-1RAcP:

stands for interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein; a subunit of the IL-1 receptor

IL-1RAPL:

stands for interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein-like

IL-RA:

stands for interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist

iNOS:

stands for inducible nitric oxide synthase; an enzyme responsible for the production of the gaseous signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO)

IP:

stands for (1) intramembranous proteolysis; a process whereby membrane proteins are cleaved within the transmembrane domain; (2) inositol phosphate

IP3:

stands for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃); a second messenger; Connections Map Components -- Inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate | 1,4,5-triphosphate

IRAK:

stands for interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-associated kinase; a serine-threonine kinase; Connections Map Components -- Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 | Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-M | Interleuken-1 receptor-associated kinase-4

IRE:

stands for iron responsive element; sequences in the untranslated regions of iron responsive messenger RNAs that allow regulation in response to iron deficiency by iron regulatory proteins (IRPs)

IRF:

stands for interferon regulatory factor; transcription factors involved in stimulation of interferon expression; Connections Map Components -- Interferon regulatory factor 3 | Interferon regulatory factor 9

IRK:

stands for inward rectifier potassium channel

IRP:

stands for iron regulatory protein; members of the aconitase family that regulate translation of iron responsive proteins

IRS:

stands for insulin receptor substrate; a family of proteins phosphorylated by the insulin receptor; Connections Map Components -- Insulin receptor substrate 2 | Insulin receptor substrates

ISGF3:

stands for interferon--stimulated gene factor 3; a multisubunit transcription factor; Connections Map Component -- IFN alpha-stimulated gene factor 3

ISRE:

stands for interferon-stimulated response element; a sequence in the promoter of target genes stimulated in response to interferons; Connections Map Component -- Interferon stimulated genes

ITAM:

stands for immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif; phosphorylated tyrosines in this motif recruit positive signaling effectors; Connections Map Components -- Activating receptors associated to ITAM-polypeptides | ITAM-bearing polypeptide

ITIM:

stands for immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs; phosphorylated tyrosines in this motify recruit factors that inhibit signaling

ITK:

stands for interleukin-2 tyrosine kinase; nonreceptor tyrosine kinase; Connections Map Component -- Interleukin-2 tyrosine kinase