MUCOSAL IMMUNITY
Sopping up IL-22 drives intestinal disease
Interleukin-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) drives inflammatory bowel disease by sopping up the tissue-protective protein IL-22.
P. Pelczar, M. Witkowski, L. Garcia Perez, J. Kempski, A. G. Hammel, L. Brockmann, D. Kleinschmidt, S. Wende, C. Haueis, T. Bedke, M. Witkowski, S. Krasemann, S. Steurer, C. J. Booth, P. Busch, A. König, U. Rauch, D. Benten, J. R. Izbicki, T. Rösch, A. W. Lohse, T. Strowig, N. Gagliani, R. A. Flavell, S. Huber, A pathogenic role for T cell–derived IL-22BP in inflammatory bowel disease. Science 354, 358–362 (2016). [Abstract]
ANTIGEN PRESENTATION
New players in the repertoire
Spliced peptides make up a major fraction of the epitopes presented by MHC class I on multiple human cell types.
J. Liepe, F. Marino, J. Sidney, A. Jeko, D. E. Bunting, A. Sette, P. M. Kloetzel, M. P. H. Stumpf, A. J. R. Heck, M. Mishto, A large fraction of HLA class I ligands are proteasome-generated spliced peptides. Science 354, 354–358 (2016). [Abstract]
MICROBIOLOGY
Consenting mycobacteria
Sequential stimuli prompt reciprocal communication for conjugation in mycobacteria.
T. A. Gray, R. R. Clark, N. Boucher, P. Lapierre, C. Smith, K. M. Derbyshire, Intercellular communication and conjugation are mediated by ESX secretion systems in mycobacteria. Science 354, 347–350 (2016).[Abstract]
PLANT PHOTOBIOLOGY
Turning off the blue-light response
A feedback loop ensures against a runaway response to light in plants.
Q. Wang, Z. Zuo, X. Wang, L. Gu, T. Yoshizumi, Z. Yang, L. Yang, Q. Liu, W. Liu, Y.-J. Han, J.-I. Kim, B. Liu, J. A. Wohlschlegel, M. Matsui, Y. Oka, C. Lin, Photoactivation and inactivation of Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2. Science 354, 343–347 (2016). [Abstract]
C. Fankhauser, R. Ulm, A photoreceptor's on-off switch. Science 354, 282–283 (2016). [Abstract]
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Gating a calcium channel
Motion of the cytoplasmic region of a key intracellular Ca2+ channel is transduced by a central domain to gate the channel domain.
W. Peng, H. Shen, J. Wu, W. Guo, X. Pan, R. Wang, S. R. W. Chen, N. Yan, Structural basis for the gating mechanism of the type 2 ryanodine receptor RyR2. Science 354, aah5324 (2016). [Abstract]
